A

　　Lee's proposal 1 (of a "departmental head responsibility system,") 2(combined with a rigorous civil service evaluation mechanism), clarifies the relationship between powers and responsibilities, 3(while also playing an incentivizing role to provide institutional guarantees for accelerating development.)

　　主句：

　　Lee's proposal (...) clarifies the relationship between powers and responsibilities, (...)

　　现象1：of引导的定语从句，修饰"proposal"

　　"...of a departmental head responsibility system,..."

　　现象2：动词引导的短语，说明提案结合了严格的公务员评估机制

　　"...,combined with a rigorous civil service evaluation mechanism, ..."

　　现象3：while引导的从句作补充说明，说明提案的其他作用

　　"...,while also playing an incentivizing role to provide institutional guarantees for accelerating development, ..."

　　B

　　This, he said, is a process of continuously building social consensus, while the ultimate goal of reform is "to enable everyone to live better."

　　现象："he said"作插入语，用来引入和标明这句话的发言者，即表示“这是他说的”。

　　插入语的作用是让句子的主体保持连贯，同时表明这些话是由某个特定的人（he）说的。